Which capacitor type is polarized?

Electrolytic capacitors are polarized capacitors, which means they have a specific positive and negative terminal. The construction of electrolytic capacitors includes an electrolyte solution that facilitates their operation, which requires them to be connected to the correct polarity in a circuit to function properly. If they are connected backwards, this can lead to capacitor failure or even explosion due to breakdown of the dielectric material within.

In contrast, mica, paper, and ceramic capacitors are non-polarized types, meaning they can be connected in either direction in a circuit without risk of damage. This characteristic allows them more flexibility in various applications where the direction of current flow may change. Understanding the polarization of capacitors is crucial for proper circuit design and maintenance, particularly in ensuring the longevity and reliability of the electronic equipment being serviced.